Facts of the Case

The case formed part of a batch of writ petitions challenging notices issued under Section 153C of the Income Tax Act, 1961 to various assessees, including Saksham Commodities Limited. The petitioners contended that the notices were issued without any incriminating material discovered during the course of search pertaining to the relevant assessment years sought to be reopened.

The petitions arose from searches conducted on certain entities, following which the Assessing Officer initiated proceedings against “other persons” on the basis of satisfaction notes. However, according to the petitioners, the material relied upon either did not pertain to them or did not relate to the specific assessment years in question.

Issues Involved

  1. Whether jurisdiction under Section 153C can be assumed without incriminating material relating to the specific assessment year.
  2. Whether discovery of material pertaining to one year justifies reopening of multiple preceding years.
  3. Scope of assessment of “other persons” under Section 153C vis-à-vis Section 153A.
  4. Validity of proceedings where satisfaction notes are absent or not supplied.

Petitioner’s Arguments

The petitioners argued that Section 153C can be invoked only where material seized during search belongs to or pertains to the non-searched person and has a bearing on determination of income for a particular assessment year.

It was contended that mere discovery of material relating to one year cannot justify reopening of all six preceding years or the entire block period. For completed assessments, reopening is permissible only if incriminating material specific to that year exists.

In several cases, petitioners asserted that satisfaction notes were not furnished or did not demonstrate any nexus between seized material and the relevant assessment year.

Respondent’s Arguments

The Revenue contended that once incriminating material relating to the non-searched person is found during search, proceedings under Section 153C can be initiated for all assessment years falling within the statutory block period.

It was argued that the statute permits reassessment of total income for multiple years and that the existence of material is sufficient to trigger jurisdiction.

Court Order / Findings

  • Section 153C proceedings against a non-searched person require existence of incriminating material discovered during search that pertains to that person.
  • Such material must have a bearing on determination of income for the specific assessment year sought to be reopened.
  • Discovery of material relating to one year does not automatically justify reopening of all other years.
  • In the case of completed assessments, additions can be made only on the basis of incriminating material.
  • The requirement applies equally to abated assessments where jurisdiction itself depends on the existence of relevant material.
  • Absence of satisfaction notes or failure to establish nexus between seized material and the assessment year vitiates the proceedings.

Important Clarification

The ruling underscores that Section 153C is not a blanket provision for reassessing multiple years of a non-searched person. Strict compliance with jurisdictional prerequisites—particularly the existence of relevant incriminating material—is mandatory.

The decision significantly restricts arbitrary reopening of completed assessments and reinforces safeguards for taxpayers subjected to search-related proceedings despite not being the primary subject of search.

Link to download the order – https://www.mytaxexpert.co.in/uploads/1772256096_SAKSHAMCOMMODITIESLIMITEDVsINCOMETAXOFFICERWARD221DELHIANR..pdf 

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